Choosing Between ISO 9001 and ISO/IEC 27001? Here’s Why You Might Need Both

Cyber threats evolve every day, getting more sophisticated and harder to track, and that poses a big problem for modern businesses. It’s increasingly more difficult to protect important data from malicious actors and keeping up with the constantly shifting world of Cybersecurity can be a big drain on resources. Luckily, regulatory frameworks are being constantly updated to address these new threats and provide businesses with a consistent and reliable approach to security. One of the best examples of this is the NIS 2 Directive, a legislative update to the NIS (Network and Information Security) framework from 2016, designed to strengthen cybersecurity measures across the European Union. If your organization operates within the EU or works with EU-based entities, understanding and implementing NIS 2 is essential. What is the NIS 2 Directive? As mentioned above, the NIS 2 Directive is the successor to the original NIS Directive, which was the EU’s first comprehensive piece of cybersecurity legislation. While the initial directive was a step forward in creating a baseline for cybersecurity standards, gaps in enforcement, inconsistent implementation across member states, and emerging threats made a revision necessary. NIS 2 aims to address these shortcomings by expanding its scope, introducing more strict security requirements, and implementing stronger enforcement mechanisms. The overarching goal is to enhance the resilience and response capabilities of essential and important entities that provide critical services, ensuring they can withstand and mitigate cyber threats effectively. Who Does NIS 2 Apply To? Unlike its predecessor, which focused mainly on essential service providers such as energy, banking, and healthcare, NIS 2 significantly broadens its reach. Now, a wider range of sectors—including ICT service providers, public administration, food production, and even certain manufacturing industries—are required to comply with its cybersecurity standards. Entities are categorized into Essential Entities (EEs) and Important Entities (IEs) based on their significance and impact. Essential Entities face stricter oversight and enforcement actions, while Important Entities are still required to meet compliance standards but with slightly less stringent regulatory scrutiny. Requirements Under NIS 2 The NIS 2 Directive introduces strict requirements that demand organizations take a proactive and structured approach to cybersecurity. These requirements are designed to prevent cyber incidents and, in the event a threat does arise, to also facilitate a quick and effective response. A fundamental aspect of NIS 2 is the implementation of risk management and security measures that go beyond basic IT security practices. Businesses are expected to develop and maintain detailed cybersecurity frameworks, incorporating threat detection, incident response planning, vulnerability assessments, and supply chain security. This means actively monitoring networks, regularly updating security policies, and ensuring that employees at all levels understand their role in cybersecurity resilience. Incident reporting has also been tightened under NIS 2. Organizations must notify the relevant authorities of any significant security breach within 24 hours of detection. A more detailed incident assessment must be provided within 72 hours, and a final report with a full analysis of the incident’s impact and mitigation measures is required within one month. This rapid reporting structure aims to increase transparency and allow for a coordinated response to cyber threats across industries and member states. The directive places a strong emphasis on supply chain security, recognizing that many cyberattacks target vulnerabilities in third-party vendors and service providers. To be NIS 2 compliant, organizations must now assess and manage risks related to their suppliers, making sure cybersecurity standards are upheld throughout the entire operational ecosystem. This requires businesses to evaluate their partners, implement strict security agreements, and maintain clear visibility into their digital supply chains. Governance and accountability are also central to NIS 2 compliance. Unlike previous frameworks, where cybersecurity responsibilities were often delegated to IT departments, the new directive holds senior executives and board members directly accountable for cybersecurity readiness. This means that leadership teams must actively oversee cybersecurity strategies, allocate sufficient resources for security initiatives, and undergo relevant training to stay informed about evolving threats. Failure to uphold these responsibilities can result in personal liability, including potential fines and legal consequences. Enforcement mechanisms under NIS 2 have also been significantly strengthened. Regulatory authorities now have enhanced powers to conduct audits, demand compliance evidence, and impose penalties on organizations that fail to meet the directive’s requirements. The financial penalties for non-compliance are substantial, potentially amounting to millions of euros, depending on the severity of the violation and the impact of the security breach. Ultimately, these key requirements pave the way for a more proactive and resilient cybersecurity posture. Organizations must do away with reactive security measures and embed cybersecurity principles into their daily operations, allowing them to be prepared to deal with any emerging threats that might come their way. The Business Impact of NIS 2 Compliance For businesses, NIS 2 is an opportunity to enhance cybersecurity resilience and build trust with customers and partners. Achieving compliance demonstrates a commitment to security best practices, offering reassurance for investors and customers, and giving business an edge over their competitors. The directive encourages organizations to take a more holistic approach to cybersecurity, integrating robust security frameworks into everyday business functions. This shift towards a proactive security culture can lead to better risk management, reduced downtime due to cyber incidents, and an overall stronger business reputation. There is also an opportunity for businesses that achieve compliance ahead of the deadline to position themselves as leaders in security, potentially opening doors to partnerships with larger organizations that prioritize cybersecurity in their vendor selection process. NIS 2 compliance also has the potential to push technological boundaries within business, with organizations potentially needing to invest in a more modern security infrastructure and detection tools. This will likely lead to businesses adopting newer automation and AI-driven tools to maintain compliance. While the initial cost may be steep, the pay off and long-term benefits, including increased trust from customers and stronger operational security, make an investment like this worthwhile However, adapting to NIS 2 is not without challenges. Many organizations will need to invest in cybersecurity training to make employees aware of emerging threats and their responsibility under the directive. Companies also must conduct thorough internal reviews and audits to identify potential gaps in their current security measures. This process may require updating internal policies, restructuring cybersecurity governance, and implementing stronger access controls to prevent unauthorized access to sensitive systems and data. While this level of transformation may seem daunting, failure to comply with NIS 2 can have severe consequences. Beyond the risk of financial penalties, non-compliance can lead to reputational damage, loss of business partnerships, and potential legal liabilities. Cyber incidents can disrupt business operations, result in data breaches, and erode customer trust—consequences that can be far more costly than the initial investment in compliance efforts. How to Prepare for NIS 2 Preparation should start with a comprehensive gap analysis to assess current cybersecurity capabilities against NIS 2 requirements. This process involves conducting a thorough review of existing security policies, technologies, and operational procedures to determine areas of non-compliance or potential weaknesses. Organizations should evaluate their network infrastructure, endpoint security measures, access control mechanisms, and incident response protocols to ensure they align with the directive’s stringent requirements. Identifying vulnerabilities early allows for strategic investments in security controls, staff training, and risk management strategies. Businesses should prioritize the most critical security gaps, implementing measures such as multi-factor authentication, network segmentation, and automated threat detection systems. There must be a clear roadmap for remediation, setting achievable milestones to ensure compliance before enforcement deadlines take effect. Cybersecurity training programs should be tailored to different roles within the organization, ensuring that employees, management, and IT teams understand their responsibilities. Regular security drills and tabletop exercises can help simulate potential cyber threats, testing the organization’s readiness and refining incident response procedures. Engaging with cybersecurity experts, obtaining relevant certifications, and leveraging external training programs can accelerate compliance efforts. Organizations should also foster a security-first culture where employees at all levels understand their role in maintaining cyber defenses. Establishing partnerships with managed security service providers (MSSPs) or third-party consultants can further enhance an organization’s ability to meet NIS 2’s strict requirements. Ultimately, a well-planned, structured approach to preparation will reduce the risk of non-compliance and strengthen overall cyber resilience. Final Thoughts The NIS 2 Directive is a significant step forward in strengthening Europe’s cybersecurity posture. While compliance may require effort and investment, the benefits far outweigh the costs. Organizations that take a proactive approach will not only mitigate cyber risks but also gain a competitive edge by demonstrating a commitment to cybersecurity and customer trust. Implementing NIS 2 standards begins the path to achieving a more secure digital ecosystem, reducing the likelihood of major cyber incidents that could disrupt critical services. With cyberattacks growing in frequency and sophistication, aligning with NIS 2 is becoming more than just a legal obligation, but a necessary way to ensure long-term operational security and business continuity. For businesses looking to navigate NIS 2 effectively, education and preparation are key. Investing in cybersecurity training and certification programs can empower teams to implement best practices and stay ahead of emerging threats. With cyber risks becoming more complex, there’s no better time to take proactive steps toward compliance and security excellence. If your organization needs support in understanding or implementing NIS 2, exploring certification and training programs can be a valuable starting point. Strengthening cybersecurity today ensures a secure future for your business. Our course catalogue is available here and will help you get your team to take the first step towards securing your business.